Sayyid Sheikh Ibrahim Yaqoub El-Zakzaky babban malamin Musulunci ne na Najeriya, wanda ya kafa kuma jagoran Ƙungiyar Musulunci a Najeriya (IMN), kuma zuriya (Sharif) ta Annabi Muhammadu (tsirar da Allah ta tabbata a gare shi) ta hanyar Imam Hasan al-Mujtaba. An haife shi a Zaria a ranar 5 ga Mayu, 1953 a cikin dangi na malaman Alkur'ani, ya hadda Alkur'ani yana da shekaru goma sha hudu, sannan ya karanci Tattalin Arziki a Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello, inda gwagwarmayarsa ta Musulunci ta fara. Da karbar wahayi daga Juyin Juya Halin Musulunci na 1979 a Iran, ya kafa IMN ya kuma bayyana kiran sa a cikin sanarwar Funtua ta tarihi a ranar 5 ga Mayu, 1980. Duk da a tsare shi a karkashin dukkan shugabannin Najeriya tun daga Shehu Shagari — a cikin gidajen yari daga Enugu zuwa Kirikiri, Port Harcourt zuwa Kaduna — da kuma duk da kashe 'ya'yansa shida daga cikin tara da sama da dubu daya daga cikin mabiyan sa, ya ci gaba da zama muryar farfado da Musulunci, adalcin zamantakewa da adawa ta lumana ga kusan miliyoyin mabiya ashirin a duk fadin Najeriya da sauran yankin Yammacin Afirka.
An haifi Sheikh Ibrahim Yaqoub El-Zakzaky a ranar 15 Sha'aban 1372 AH (5 ga Mayu, 1953) a Zaria, Jihar Kaduna, arewacin Najeriya. Shi Sayyid ne — Sharif, jikan Annabi Muhammadu (tsirar da Allah ta tabbata a gare shi) ta hanyar zuriyar Imam Hasan al-Mujtaba. Mahaifinsa da mahaifiyarsa duk malaman Alkur'ani ne da ke rayuwa ta hanyar noma, kuma ka'idar iyalli ita ce cewa ya kamata yaro ya fara hadda Alkur'ani kafin a ba shi izinin karantar wasu littattafan Musulunci. Sheikh ya hadda dukkan Alkur'ani yana da shekaru goma sha hudu a karkashin jagorancin mahaifinsa, yayin da yake halartar makarantar Alkur'ani ta unguwa da kuma taimakawa a gonar iyali.
A shekara ta 1969, yana da shekaru goma sha shida, ya shiga Makarantar Lardin Zariya don karantar adabin Larabci, ya kammala shirin a shekara ta 1971. Daga nan ya koma Makarantar Karatun Larabci (SAS) a Kano daga 1971 zuwa 1975, inda ya karanci adabin Turanci, Tattalin Arziki, Gwamnati, Hausa, Larabci da Karatun Musulunci. Bayan kammala karatun, ya yi — ya kuma yi fice a jarrabawar — duka 'Takardar Shaidar Digiri na Biyu' da jarrabawar matakin gaba, wadda aka fitar a 1976, wadda ta ba shi damar shiga Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello (ABU) Zaria kai tsaye.
A Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello, Sheikh Zakzaky ya bi shirin digiri na shekaru hudu a fannin Tattalin Arziki, wanda ya kammala a shekara ta 1979. Duk da haka, sha'awarsa ta gaskiya ita ce tunani na Musulunci da fafutuka. Ya shiga Ƙungiyar Daliban Musulmai (MSS), inda — godiya ga amincewarsa — aka nada shi da sauri a matsayin Sakatare-Janar na reshen ABU, sannan aka zabe shi a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Kasa na kasa don harkokin kasa da kasa.
A ƙarshen shekarun 1970, jami'o'in Najeriya suna cike da gasar akida tsakanin 'yan gurguzu, Ƙungiyar Daliban Kirista (FCS), da MSS. Sheikh Zakzaky ya fara bayyana hangen nesa na Musulunci a matsayin karfin siyasa da tsari cikakke. Hukumomin jami'a suka mayar da martani ta hanyar bayyana shi a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin 'yan gurguzu, suka sa shi ya ci jarabawar da gangan, suka kore wasu daga cikin abokan aikinsa. An tsare Sheikh din kuma ya rasa hudu daga cikin jarabawarsa ta karshe guda biyar. Bayan an sake shi, an kawo masa sauran takardun, wanda ya ci da fice. Jami'a ta bayar da sakamakonsa. Har yanzu, sama da shekaru arba'in bayan haka, ABU ba ta fitar da takardar shaidar digiri ta Sheikh Zakzaky ba.
Wannan lokacin ya yi daidai da nasarar Juyin Juya Halin Musulunci a Iran a watan Fabrairu 1979. Ganin wani malamin Musulunci guda daya yana kiran mutane zuwa Musulunci kuma yana hambarar da mulkin mallaka mai goyon bayan masarautar, ya burge Sheikh da mabiyan sa. Kamar yadda ya tuna daga baya, Juyin Juya Hali 'ya ba amsa mai haske ga waɗanda ke ganin cewa Musulunci ba zai sake tasowa ba don mulkan al'amuran bil'adama.'
Bayan kammala karatun, Sheikh Zakzaky ya ci gaba da kira ga kafa tsarin Musulunci a Najeriya. Juyin Juya Halin Iran na 1979 ya dasa tabbacin cewa abin da suka fara zai yiwu idan sun ci gaba da gwagwarmaya. Daga wannan tabbacin ne aka haifi Ƙungiyar Musulunci a Najeriya (IMN).
A ranar 5 ga Mayu, 1980 — cikin shekaru ashirin da bakwai na haihuwar Sheikh — ya bayyana kiran sa a fili a wani taro na tarihi a Funtua, Jihar Katsina. Wannan jawabin, wanda aka fi sani da 'Sanarwar Funtua' daga baya, ya yi tir da tsarin mulkin mallaka da ke mulkin Najeriya ya kuma tabbatar da amincinsa ga Allah Mai Iko, Annabinsa, da Alkur'ani Mai Tsarki. Ya kira mutane da su koma ga hanyar Allah, da Alkur'ani a matsayin tsarin doka. Daga wannan lokacin, aikin wa'azin Ƙungiyar ya bazu cikin sauri ta hanyar Kwasin Hutun Musulunci (IVC), tarurruka, da lacca a cikin birane da garuruwa a faɗin arewacin Najeriya.
Ƙungiyar ta musamman ba ta da tsarin ɗarika. Ko da yake mafi yawan mabiyanta suna bin makarantar Ahlul Bayt, ƙungiyar ta haɗa da Sunni, Sufaye, har da Kiristocin da ke shirin yakar zalunci da rashin adalci. Sheikh Zakzaky ba ya kira ga rabuwar ɗarika; yana kira ga Musulunci da tsarin Musulunci don gudanar da al'amuran bil'adama.
Sheikh Zakzaky ya zama ɗaya daga cikin muryayin da suka shahara a Najeriya game da gyaran Musulunci, yana kira da ƙin rashawa, rashin daidaito da kuma shiga cikin harkokin waje. An kama shi a karon farko a watan Mayu 1981, bayan wani lacca a Sokoto — aka yanke masa hukuncin dauri na shekaru uku a ƙurkuku a karkashin Shugaba Shehu Shagari, ba tare da hakkin magana da lauya ba.
A karkashin mulkin soja na Janar Buhari, an sake kama shi a watan Disamba 1984 — 'yan watanni bayan aure — kuma an tsare shi na tsawon watanni tara a tsare ba bisa ka'ida ba, ciki har da a gidan yarin Kirikiri a Lagos. An haifi dansa na farko, Muhammad, yayin da yake kurkukun Buhari. Janar Babangida ya tsare shi na tsawon shekaru biyu (1987-1989) saboda rikici a Kafanchan, kuma ya sake kama shi ɗan lokaci a Filin Jirgin Sama na Aminu Kano a 1991 yayin da yake tafiya zuwa wani taro a London. Janar Sani Abacha ya tsare shi na tsawon shekaru biyu da watanni uku (1996-1999), laifinsa shine kalaman: 'Babu iko sai na Allah Mai Iko.'
Bayan rasuwar Abacha, mabiyansa sun karu daga dubunnan zuwa miliyoyin. Gwamnatocin da suka biyo baya — Umaru Musa Yar'Adua, Goodluck Jonathan, da gwamnatin farar hula ta Buhari — duk sun yi ƙoƙarin murkushe Ƙungiyar, kuma ana samun rahoton cewa suna shirin kashe Sheikh, amma shirye-shiryensu sun ci tura.
A ranar 25 ga Yuli, 2014, a lokacin jerin gwano na lumana don goyon bayan Falasdinu a Ranar Quds a Zaria, sojojin Najeriya sun bude wuta, suka kashe talatin da hudu daga cikin mabiyan Sheikh — har da 'ya'yansa maza uku: Ahmad, Hameed da Mahmud. Kisan kiyashin ya kasance mai gabatarwa ga babban tashin hankali da zai faru watanni goma sha biyar bayan haka.
A ranak 12-14 ga Disamba, 2015, a karkashin gwamnatin farar hula ta Shugaba Muhammadu Buhari, sojojin Najeriya sun kai hari mai wahala kan gidansa Sheikh Zakzaky da Husseiniyyah Baqiyatullah a Zaria, cibiyar addini da IMN ke amfani da ita. Cikin kwana kadan, sojoji sun kashe 'ya'yansa maza uku — Hammad, Haidar Ali, da Humaid — da sama da dubu daya daga cikin mabiyansa. An harbe Sheikh da matarsa Malama Zeenah da mummunan rauni aka kai su tare da da yawa daga cikin magoya bayansa. Kisan kiyashin ya jawo suka a duniya daga Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, da Islamic Human Rights Commission, ya kuma ƙara tsanin buƙatun adalci da sakin Sheikh.
Bayan kisan kiyashin 2015, an tsare Sheikh Zakzaky kusan shekaru shida duk da umarnin da kotu ta bayar da yawa don sake shi. Kotun Najeriya ta yanke hukunci cewa tsare shi ba bisa ka'ida ba ne, amma gwamnati ta ƙi bin umarnin. Magoya bayansa, a cikin Najeriya da wajen, sun yi faɗa ba tsinke don 'yancinsa da samun jinyar lafiya. A shekarar 2021, matsin lamba na ci gaba na cikin gida da na duniya ya kai ga sakinsa, ko da yake shi da matarsa sun ci gaba da fuskantar kalubale na shari'a da tsaro.
Sheikh Zakzaky ya ci gaba da zama mutum mai tasiri a Musulunci na Najeriya da Yammacin Afirka. Ta hanyar IMN, ya ƙarfafa miliyoyin mutane don shiga cikin ilimin Musulunci, adalcin zamantakewa da adawa lumana. Jan hankalinsa ga ilimi, haɗin kai da ladabi na ɗabi'a ya ƙara tsara tsararren tsara na masu fafutuka da malamai. Duk da kurkuku da asarar mutum, jagorancinsa yana ci gaba da taimakawa Ƙungiyar Musulunci a Najeriya kuma yana dāɗaɗa da Musulmai a fadin Afirka da wajen waɗanda ke neman adalci da daraja.
An haife shi a Zaria, Jihar Kaduna, arewacin Najeriya.
Ya karanci Tattalin Arziki a Jami'ar Ahmadu Bello, Zaria, inda ya shiga cikin gwagwarmayar 'yan karatun Musulunci da tattaunawar ilimi.
Ya kafa Ƙungiyar Musulunci a Najeriya (IMN), wanda aka yi wahayi daga juyin juya halin Musulunci a Iran, mai mai da hankali kan farfado da Musulunci, ilimi da adalcin zamantakewa.
A ranar 5 ga Mayu, 1980 — cikin shekaru ashirin da bakwai na haihuwarsa — Sheikh Zakzaky ya bayyana kiran sa a fili a wani taro na tarihi a Funtua, Jihar Katsina, inda ya yi tir da mulkin mallaka kuma ya tabbatar da amincinsa ga Allah, Annabi, da Alkur'ani a matsayin tsarin doka.
An yanke masa hukuncin dauri na shekaru uku ba tare da hakkin magana da lauya ba bayan wani lacca a Sokoto (Mayu 1981). An haifi dansa na farko, Muhammad, daga baya yayin da ake tsare da shi a karkashin mulkin soja na Buhari.
Ya tafi Iran da sauran ƙasashen Musulunci don ƙarfafa alaƙar ilimi da kuma gina sani na duniya game da Ƙungiyar Musulunci a Najeriya.
A ranar 25 ga Yuli, 2014, sojoji sun bude wuta a wani jerin gwano na lumana don goyon bayan Falasdinu a Ranar Quds a Zaria, inda suka kashe mabiya 34 ciki har da 'ya'yansa maza uku: Ahmad, Hameed da Mahmud.
Sojojin Najeriya sun kai hari kan gidansa da cibiyoyin Musulunci a Zaria (12-14 Disamba), inda suka kashe sama da dubu daya daga cikin mabiyansa har da 'ya'yansa maza uku (Hammad, Haidar Ali, Humaid). Shi da matarsa sun ji mummunan rauni aka kuma tsare su.
Kotun Najeriya ta umarnin a sake shi nan take, ta yanke hukunci cewa tsare shi ba bisa ka'ida ba ne. Duk da haka, gwamnati ta ci gaba da tsare shi ta ƙi bin umarnin kotu.
Bayan kusan shekaru shida na tsare shi ba bisa ka'ida ba, an saki Sheikh Zakzaky bayan matsin lamba na cikin gida da na duniya don 'yancinsa da samun jinyar lafiya.
Yana ci gaba da jagorantar Ƙungiyar Musulunci a Najeriya, yana ba da lacca, rubuta ayyukan ilimi, da koyar da sabon tsara na malamai na Musulunci da masu fafutuka da suka sadaukar da kansu ga adalci da ƙimar Musulunci.
